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Bulgarian Lev

The lev (Bulgarian: лев, plural: лева, левове / leva, levove; ISO 4217 code: BGN) was the sole currency of Bulgaria from 1880 to 2025, and is in a double circulation period alongside the euro from 1 January 2026 until its full withdrawal on 31 January 2026. In early modern Bulgarian, the word lev meant "lion"; the word "lion" in the modern standard language is lаv (IPA: [ɫɤf]; in Bulgarian: лъв). The lev is subdivided into 100 stotinki (стотинки, singular: stotinka, стотинка). Stotinka in Bulgarian means "a hundredth" and is, in fact, a direct translation of the French term "centime". Grammatically, the word stotinka is derived from the Bulgarian word "sto" (сто; a hundred). Under a currency board established in 1997, the lev was first pegged to the Deutsche Mark (1,000 BGL = 1 DEM). With the lev's 1999 redenomination and the arrival of the euro, the exchange rate was updated to its long-standing fixed peg of 1.95583 BGN = 1 EUR. Between 10 July 2020 and 31 December 2025, the lev remained within the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II), exiting the mechanism to transition into the euro on 1 January 2026.

Russian Ruble

The ruble or rouble (Russian: рубль, romanized: rublʹ; symbol: ₽; ISO code: RUB) is the official currency of the Russian Federation. Banknotes and coins are issued by the Central Bank of Russia, which is Russia's monetary authority independent of all other government bodies. The ruble is the second-oldest currency in continuous use and the first decimal currency. The ruble was the currency of the Russian Empire, which was replaced by the Soviet ruble (code: SUR, 810) during the Soviet Union. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, by 1992, the Soviet ruble was replaced in the Russian Federation by the Russian ruble (code: RUR, 810) at par. The Russian ruble then further continued to be used in 11 post-Soviet states, forming a "ruble zone" until 1993. The ruble was further redenominated with the new ISO 4217 code "RUB, 643" just preceding the 1998 financial crisis, and was exchanged at the rate of 1000 RUR = 1 RUB. Code "RUR, 810" was then excluded from both the ISO 4217 standard and the Russian currency classifier, but continues to be used for numbering bank accounts internally within Russia. The ruble is a free-floating currency and is subdivided into 100 kopecks which have fallen out of use due to inflation. In 2023, the digital ruble was introduced. The Russian ruble is also used as a de facto legal tender in Baikonur, Abkhazia and South Ossetia.