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Indonesian Rupiah

The rupiah (symbol: Rp; currency code: IDR) is the official currency of Indonesia, issued and controlled by Bank Indonesia. Its name is derived from the Sanskrit word for silver, rupyakam (रूप्यकम्). Sometimes, Indonesians also informally use the word perak ('silver' in Indonesian) in referring to rupiah in coins. The rupiah is divided into 100 cents (Indonesian: sen), although high inflation has rendered all coins and banknotes denominated in cents obsolete. The rupiah was introduced in 1946 by Indonesian nationalists fighting for independence. It replaced the Japanese-issued version of the Netherlands Indies gulden which had been introduced during the Japanese occupation in World War II. In its early years, the rupiah was used in conjunction with other currencies, including a new version of the gulden introduced by the Dutch. The Riau Islands and the Indonesian half of New Guinea (Irian Barat) had their own variants of the rupiah in the past, but these were subsumed into the national rupiah in 1964 and 1971, respectively (see Riau rupiah and West Irian rupiah).

Bulgarian Lev

The lev (Bulgarian: лев, plural: лева, левове / leva, levove; ISO 4217 code: BGN; numeric code: 975) is the currency of Bulgaria. In early modern Bulgarian, the word lev meant "lion"; the word "lion" in the modern standard language is lаv (IPA: [ɫɤf]; in Bulgarian: лъв). The lev is subdivided into 100 stotinki (стотинки, singular: stotinka, стотинка). Stotinka in Bulgarian means "a hundredth" and is, in fact, a direct translation of the French term "centime". Grammatically, the word stotinka is derived from the Bulgarian word "sto" (сто; a hundred). Since 1997, the Bulgarian lev has operated under a currency board arrangement, initially pegged to the Deutsche Mark at a fixed rate of 1,000 BGL = 1 DEM. Following the introduction of the euro and the redenomination of the lev in 1999, the peg was effectively set at 1.95583 BGN = 1 EUR. Since 2020, the lev has been part of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II). In November 2023, Bulgarian euro coins design was approved by the Bulgarian National Bank. Bulgaria will adopt the euro as its official currency on 1 January 2026, replacing the Bulgarian lev.